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Sexpert: April 21, 2011

Dear Sexpert, 

 My girlfriend recently found out she has genital warts, which she thinks she got from me, since I’ve been her only partner recently. I have not had any symptoms of my own. Is it possible I gave them to her? I’ve heard a lot of stuff about genital warts causing cancer. Is this really the case? What are the long term health implications of genital warts for women? Is there any way to prevent transmitting them? Is there a vaccine against genital warts?

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— Bumpy 

Dear Bumpy,  

First, thank you for reaching out for more information on this tough issue. Genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus, which is frequently (although not always) transmitted sexually. There are many types of HPV infection, and some types may cause warts, including genital, flat, plantar or “common” warts. Genital HPV is caused by sexual intercourse and other skin-to-skin contact that involves the genital area.

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, and most people who have experienced an HPV infection are unaware of their status. In addition, it is possible to transmit this virus to a partner even if you’ve never had any growths or other symptoms yourself. On the other hand, the time between when someone is exposed to HPV and when they develop genital warts or other symptoms varies widely so it’s possible your girlfriend was exposed a while ago and only actually developed the warts relatively recently.

There are 15 types of HPV classified as high risk, two types (16 and 18) account for 70% of cervical cancer. However, the strains of HPV associated with genital warts are generally not considered high-risk strains. There are currently two vaccines on the market that work to protect against several HPV strains. The vaccines protect against different things for different people, so you and your girlfriend may want to talk to a health professional about whether you might benefit from getting one of these vaccines.

There are several ways to protect yourself against HPV and other STIs. Because HPV is transmitted via skin-to-skin contact, practicing safer sex with a condom or dental dam and avoiding sexual contact when the warts are visible can help to reduce the risk of transmission of genital warts, although it will not eliminate it entirely.

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I recommend that you make an appointment with Sexual Health and Wellness Services at UHS in order to get a sexual health checkup. They offer low to no-cost testing services and will be able to talk with you more about your own health status and your options for protecting yourself and your partner.

The Sexpert

The Sexpert is written by a team of peer sexual health educators and fact-checked by University health professionals. Submit questions to sexpert@dailyprincetonian.com. Don’t be shy!

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